In this class, we’ve recognized that origin stories diverge from academic histories, including fictional as well as factual elements. Narratives of survivance recounted by members of Vermont Abenaki groups arguably incorporate fictive elements, such as assertions of uninterrupted Abenaki presence and their central portrayal as victims of Vermont eugenics. Yet, these narratives also offer a strong sense of belonging to many Vermonters who align with Abenaki identity. How do we assess the benefits and harms of these identity narratives?